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Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud
QS Fastener: Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud
Name: Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud
Material: X10NiCrAlTi3220
Standard: UNS N08800
Hardness: 170 to 220 HB
Size: M48
Length: 590 mm
Application: For Heat Exchangers and Piping Systems
Feature: High Temperature Corrosion Resistance
Material: X10NiCrAlTi3220
Standard: UNS N08800
Hardness: 170 to 220 HB
Size: M48
Length: 590 mm
Application: For Heat Exchangers and Piping Systems
Feature: High Temperature Corrosion Resistance
Quantity
The Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud is manufactured from high-performance X10NiCrAlTi3220 (Incoloy 800) material, renowned for its exceptional high-temperature corrosion resistance, making it an ideal choice for heat exchangers and piping systems. Compliant with the UNS N08800 standard, it ensures reliable quality with a hardness range of 170 to 220 HB, guaranteeing stability and durability in high-temperature and demanding environments. The Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud is designed with a size of M48 and a length of 590 mm, specifically tailored for large equipment and high-strength connections.
High-Temperature Oxidation Resistance of Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud
Incoloy 800 is a nickel-iron-chromium alloy, and its excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance makes it perform exceptionally well in high-temperature environments. Below is a detailed description of the performance and applications of the Z8NC32.21 Stud Bolt in high-temperature oxidation environments.
Incoloy 800 is a nickel-iron-chromium alloy, and its excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance makes it perform exceptionally well in high-temperature environments. Below is a detailed description of the performance and applications of the Z8NC32.21 Stud Bolt in high-temperature oxidation environments.
1. High-Temperature Oxidation Mechanism
In high-temperature oxidation environments, the surface of the Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud forms a dense oxide layer primarily composed of Cr₂O₃ (chromium oxide) and a small amount of NiO (nickel oxide). This oxide layer has the following characteristics:
- Density: The oxide layer has a dense structure, effectively preventing further oxygen diffusion.
In high-temperature oxidation environments, the surface of the Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud forms a dense oxide layer primarily composed of Cr₂O₃ (chromium oxide) and a small amount of NiO (nickel oxide). This oxide layer has the following characteristics:
- Density: The oxide layer has a dense structure, effectively preventing further oxygen diffusion.
- Stability: The oxide layer remains stable at high temperatures, resisting spalling or cracking.
- Self-Healing: When the oxide layer is mechanically damaged, chromium in the alloy rapidly diffuses to the surface, reforming the protective layer.
2. High-Temperature Oxidation Performance Data
The performance of the Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud in high-temperature oxidation environments has been validated through the following experimental data:
Oxidation Rate
- At 800°C, the oxidation rate is approximately 0.01 mg/cm²·h.
- At 1000°C, the oxidation rate is approximately 0.05 mg/cm²·h.
- At 1100°C, the oxidation rate is approximately 0.10 mg/cm²·h.
The performance of the Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud in high-temperature oxidation environments has been validated through the following experimental data:
Oxidation Rate
- At 800°C, the oxidation rate is approximately 0.01 mg/cm²·h.
- At 1000°C, the oxidation rate is approximately 0.05 mg/cm²·h.
- At 1100°C, the oxidation rate is approximately 0.10 mg/cm²·h.
Oxide Layer Thickness
- At 800°C, after 1000 hours of oxidation, the oxide layer thickness is approximately 1-2 μm.
- At 1000°C, after 1000 hours of oxidation, the oxide layer thickness is approximately 5-10 μm.
- At 1100°C, after 1000 hours of oxidation, the oxide layer thickness is approximately 10-20 μm.
- At 800°C, after 1000 hours of oxidation, the oxide layer thickness is approximately 1-2 μm.
- At 1000°C, after 1000 hours of oxidation, the oxide layer thickness is approximately 5-10 μm.
- At 1100°C, after 1000 hours of oxidation, the oxide layer thickness is approximately 10-20 μm.
Oxide Layer Composition Analysis
Through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, the oxide layer is primarily composed of Cr₂O₃ and a small amount of NiO, with Cr₂O₃ accounting for over 90% of the composition.
Through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, the oxide layer is primarily composed of Cr₂O₃ and a small amount of NiO, with Cr₂O₃ accounting for over 90% of the composition.
3. Factors Influencing High-Temperature Oxidation Performance
The high-temperature oxidation performance of the Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud is influenced by the following factors:
- Temperature: As the temperature increases, the oxidation rate accelerates, but the oxide layer remains stable below 1100°C.
The high-temperature oxidation performance of the Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud is influenced by the following factors:
- Temperature: As the temperature increases, the oxidation rate accelerates, but the oxide layer remains stable below 1100°C.
- Time: Under prolonged high-temperature exposure, the oxide layer thickness gradually increases but does not spall or crack.
- Atmosphere: In oxygen-containing atmospheres, the oxide layer forms more rapidly; in reducing atmospheres, the formation is slower.
- Surface Condition: Polished or passivated surfaces form a more uniform oxide layer, enhancing oxidation resistance.
4. Comparison of High-Temperature Oxidation Performance
Compared to other commonly used high-temperature alloys, the Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud performs exceptionally well in high-temperature oxidation environments:
- Compared to 304 Stainless Steel: At 800°C, the oxidation rate of 304 stainless steel is approximately 0.05 mg/cm²·h, while the Z8NC32.21 Stud Bolt has an oxidation rate of only 0.01 mg/cm²·h.
Compared to other commonly used high-temperature alloys, the Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud performs exceptionally well in high-temperature oxidation environments:
- Compared to 304 Stainless Steel: At 800°C, the oxidation rate of 304 stainless steel is approximately 0.05 mg/cm²·h, while the Z8NC32.21 Stud Bolt has an oxidation rate of only 0.01 mg/cm²·h.
- Compared to Inconel 600: At 1000°C, the oxidation rate of Inconel 600 is approximately 0.08 mg/cm²·h, while the Z8NC32.21 Stud Bolt has an oxidation rate of only 0.05 mg/cm²·h.
5. Practical Application Cases
The Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud is widely used in the following high-temperature oxidation environments:
- Petrochemical Industry: Used as fasteners in high-temperature pyrolysis furnaces and reforming furnaces, operating long-term at 800-1000°C, demonstrating excellent oxidation resistance.
The Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud is widely used in the following high-temperature oxidation environments:
- Petrochemical Industry: Used as fasteners in high-temperature pyrolysis furnaces and reforming furnaces, operating long-term at 800-1000°C, demonstrating excellent oxidation resistance.
- Power Industry: Used as fasteners in boilers, steam turbines, and other high-temperature components, operating long-term at 600-1100°C, with stable oxide layers and no spalling.
- Nuclear Industry: Used as high-temperature fasteners in nuclear reactors, maintaining excellent performance under high-temperature oxidation and radiation environments.
6. Conclusion
The Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud performs exceptionally well in high-temperature oxidation environments up to 1100°C. Its dense oxide layer effectively prevents further oxygen diffusion, ensuring long-term stability and reliability of the material at high temperatures. Validated by experimental data and practical application cases, the Z8NC32.21 Stud Bolt is an ideal choice for high-temperature oxidation environments. For more technical details or custom services, please contact our technical support team.
The Z8NC32.21 High-Strength Stud performs exceptionally well in high-temperature oxidation environments up to 1100°C. Its dense oxide layer effectively prevents further oxygen diffusion, ensuring long-term stability and reliability of the material at high temperatures. Validated by experimental data and practical application cases, the Z8NC32.21 Stud Bolt is an ideal choice for high-temperature oxidation environments. For more technical details or custom services, please contact our technical support team.
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