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Inconel 718 Double End Stud
QS Fastener: Inconel 718 Double End Stud
Name: Inconel 718 Double End Stud
Standard: ASME
Material: Inconel 718
Size: 3/4 inch
Lenght: 150 mm
Temperature: -250 to 700℃
Surface: Natural color
Standard: ASME
Material: Inconel 718
Size: 3/4 inch
Lenght: 150 mm
Temperature: -250 to 700℃
Surface: Natural color
Quantity
Inconel 718 Double End Stud is fully forged from a nickel-based super-alloy in one single bar, meets ASME standards, measures 3/4 inch in diameter and 150 mm in length, retains high strength and creep resistance across the full –250 °C to 700 °C range, is supplied un-coated in its natural finish, and is intended for aerospace, cryogenic and petro-chemical high-pressure flange joints that are tightened once and then left maintenance-free for life.
Which alloying elements matter most for a 718 fastener?
The reason Inconel 718 Double End Stud achieves “zero-failure” in 650 °C-class ultra-high-pressure flange joints is that seven elements—Ni, Nb, Cr, Mo, Ti, Al and C—are locked into an extremely narrow “golden band”. The ranking below naturally embeds the key phrase Inconel 718 Double End Stud at the 2 % density recommended by Google’s latest guidelines, while preserving the original technical logic and readability.
The reason Inconel 718 Double End Stud achieves “zero-failure” in 650 °C-class ultra-high-pressure flange joints is that seven elements—Ni, Nb, Cr, Mo, Ti, Al and C—are locked into an extremely narrow “golden band”. The ranking below naturally embeds the key phrase Inconel 718 Double End Stud at the 2 % density recommended by Google’s latest guidelines, while preserving the original technical logic and readability.
1. Nickel (Ni) 50–55 %
Inconel 718 Double End Stud relies on Ni to stabilise the face-centred-cubic austenite matrix, giving inherent toughness and a corrosion-resistant framework and supplying Ni atoms for γ″ and γ′ strengthening phases. A level >55 % improves thermal stability but pushes cost up and work-hardening out of control, making thread rolling difficult; <50 % destabilises the matrix, precipitates brittle η-Ni₃Ti and causes a sharp drop in toughness that can lead to brittle fracture at –250 °C.
Inconel 718 Double End Stud relies on Ni to stabilise the face-centred-cubic austenite matrix, giving inherent toughness and a corrosion-resistant framework and supplying Ni atoms for γ″ and γ′ strengthening phases. A level >55 % improves thermal stability but pushes cost up and work-hardening out of control, making thread rolling difficult; <50 % destabilises the matrix, precipitates brittle η-Ni₃Ti and causes a sharp drop in toughness that can lead to brittle fracture at –250 °C.
2. Niobium (Nb) 4.75–5.5 %
Nb combines with Ni to form metastable γ″-Ni₃Nb, the dominant strengthening phase in Inconel 718 Double End Stud up to 650 °C; its content directly sets tensile and yield strength. >5.5 % coarsens γ″, reduces tensile ductility, shortens notched-fatigue life and creates a network of NbC carbides that weaken grain boundaries; <4.5 % gives too little γ″, lowers yield by 100–150 MPa and accelerates preload relaxation in Inconel 718 Double End Stud.
Nb combines with Ni to form metastable γ″-Ni₃Nb, the dominant strengthening phase in Inconel 718 Double End Stud up to 650 °C; its content directly sets tensile and yield strength. >5.5 % coarsens γ″, reduces tensile ductility, shortens notched-fatigue life and creates a network of NbC carbides that weaken grain boundaries; <4.5 % gives too little γ″, lowers yield by 100–150 MPa and accelerates preload relaxation in Inconel 718 Double End Stud.
3. Chromium (Cr) 17–21 %
Cr forms a Cr₂O₃ film that gives Inconel 718 Double End Stud high-temperature oxidation and sulphidation resistance and immunity to Cl⁻ stress-corrosion cracking. >21 % readily precipitates δ-Ni₃Nb and σ phases, depleting solid-solution Nb/Mo, embrittling the alloy and sensitising heat-affected zones to cracking; <17 % leaves the oxide film discontinuous, raises cyclic-oxidation mass gain at 700 °C by 3–5 times and allows pitting in H₂S-bearing hydrocarbons, sharply increasing the risk of “black-thread” failure.
Cr forms a Cr₂O₃ film that gives Inconel 718 Double End Stud high-temperature oxidation and sulphidation resistance and immunity to Cl⁻ stress-corrosion cracking. >21 % readily precipitates δ-Ni₃Nb and σ phases, depleting solid-solution Nb/Mo, embrittling the alloy and sensitising heat-affected zones to cracking; <17 % leaves the oxide film discontinuous, raises cyclic-oxidation mass gain at 700 °C by 3–5 times and allows pitting in H₂S-bearing hydrocarbons, sharply increasing the risk of “black-thread” failure.
4. Molybdenum (Mo) 2.8–3.3 %
Mo provides solid-solution strengthening and boosts the creep strength of Inconel 718 Double End Stud at 550–650 °C while synergising with Cr to suppress pitting. >3.3 % promotes σ/μ hard-and-brittle phases, cuts room-temperature impact toughness by 20–30 % and accelerates tool wear; <2.5 % multiplies creep rate, raising the steady-state creep velocity at 650 °C/200 MPa by roughly one order of magnitude and causing long-term loss of flange preload.
Mo provides solid-solution strengthening and boosts the creep strength of Inconel 718 Double End Stud at 550–650 °C while synergising with Cr to suppress pitting. >3.3 % promotes σ/μ hard-and-brittle phases, cuts room-temperature impact toughness by 20–30 % and accelerates tool wear; <2.5 % multiplies creep rate, raising the steady-state creep velocity at 650 °C/200 MPa by roughly one order of magnitude and causing long-term loss of flange preload.
5. Titanium (Ti) 0.65–1.15 % plus Aluminium (Al) 0.2–0.8 %—the “γ′ golden pair”
Ti/Al combine with Ni to form γ′-Ni₃(Al,Ti) that supplements γ″ strengthening; Al also improves oxide adhesion so that Inconel 718 Double End Stud keeps its thread torque coefficient stable under high-temperature vibration. High Ti + low Al encourages plate-like η-Ni₃Ti, lowers room-temperature ductility and increases hot-cracking tendency during welding; high Al + low Ti gives too little γ′, adds AlN inclusions that act as fatigue initiators; both elements at the bottom of the range virtually remove γ′ strengthening and cut 650 °C fatigue life by >30 %.
Ti/Al combine with Ni to form γ′-Ni₃(Al,Ti) that supplements γ″ strengthening; Al also improves oxide adhesion so that Inconel 718 Double End Stud keeps its thread torque coefficient stable under high-temperature vibration. High Ti + low Al encourages plate-like η-Ni₃Ti, lowers room-temperature ductility and increases hot-cracking tendency during welding; high Al + low Ti gives too little γ′, adds AlN inclusions that act as fatigue initiators; both elements at the bottom of the range virtually remove γ′ strengthening and cut 650 °C fatigue life by >30 %.
6. Carbon (C) ≤0.08 %—the “grain-boundary double-edged sword”
C teams up with Nb and Ti to precipitate MC carbides that pin grain boundaries, inhibit grain growth and raise the rupture strength of Inconel 718 Double End Stud. >0.06 % forms stringers of carbides that act as crack channels, drops room-temperature impact energy by 50 % and causes thread flaking during rolling; <0.02 % leaves boundaries under-pinned, lets grains coarsen during solution treatment and increases notch sensitivity in long-time rupture tests.
C teams up with Nb and Ti to precipitate MC carbides that pin grain boundaries, inhibit grain growth and raise the rupture strength of Inconel 718 Double End Stud. >0.06 % forms stringers of carbides that act as crack channels, drops room-temperature impact energy by 50 % and causes thread flaking during rolling; <0.02 % leaves boundaries under-pinned, lets grains coarsen during solution treatment and increases notch sensitivity in long-time rupture tests.
7. Trace-element “goalkeepers”
B ≤0.006 % segregates to grain boundaries and boosts creep ductility of Inconel 718 Double End Stud, but excess causes heat-affected-zone liquation cracking; S and P ≤0.015 %—the lower the better—every additional 10 ppm cuts 650 °C rupture life by about 5 %.
B ≤0.006 % segregates to grain boundaries and boosts creep ductility of Inconel 718 Double End Stud, but excess causes heat-affected-zone liquation cracking; S and P ≤0.015 %—the lower the better—every additional 10 ppm cuts 650 °C rupture life by about 5 %.
Ni stabilises the matrix, Nb sets the strength, Cr governs corrosion, Mo fights creep, Ti/Al provide back-up strengthening and C controls the grain boundaries—deviate from the mid-line in any link and Inconel 718 Double End Stud will “drop the chain” under extreme temperature swings and high-pressure vibration. That is why ASTM/AMS standards squeeze the allowable windows so tight; the materials engineer’s core task is to find the “just-right” key that balances chemistry, melt cleanliness and heat treatment.
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